Herb
Pepper (Hu jiao)
胡椒hu jiao
1 sourceFructus Piperis
Warms the centre and dispels cold to relieve cold abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and aids digestion and resolves food toxins.
Source
Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu)卷三十二·果部·胡椒·主治（《唐本》）
References
- functions_en self-translated from 本草纲目 traditional_functions (public domain; the Chinese tf carries verbatim excerpt_hash citations). No modern work consulted.
- WHO IST-TCM terminology-aligned for the English rendering.
- public pharmacopoeia & botanical facts (public-domain reference facts; no proprietary modern source).
Traditional functions
Classical source text (Chinese) — English summary above.
传统中医记载：《唐本》载胡椒下气温中去痰、除脏腑中风冷；李珣谓去胃口虚冷气、宿食不消、霍乱气逆、心腹卒痛；大明谓调五脏、壮肾气、治冷痢、杀一切鱼肉鳖蕈毒；李时珍谓暖肠胃、除寒湿、反胃虚胀、冷积阴毒。
Nature, flavor & meridians
Nature & flavor: 辛，大温，无毒（《唐本》实）；李时珍谓辛热纯阳、走气助火、昏目发疮；李珣谓多食损肺、令人吐血。
Citations
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·味类·胡椒（《唐本草》）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its classification.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·释名（昧履支）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its alternate names.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·实·气味（《唐本》）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its nature & flavor.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·主治（《唐本》）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its traditional functions.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·主治（李珣）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its traditional functions.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·主治（时珍）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its traditional functions.
- Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) · Li Shizhen · 卷三十二·果部·胡椒·气味（珣·多食损肺令人吐血）Cited from Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) for its safety notes.